La seguridad informática, también conocida como ciberseguridad o seguridad de tecnologías de la información, es el área relacionada con la informática y la telemática que se enfoca en la protección de la infraestructura computacional y
todo lo relacionado con esta y, especialmente, la información contenida en una computadora o circulante a través de las redes de computadoras.Para ello existen una serie de estándares, protocolos, métodos, reglas, herramientas y leyes concebidas para minimizar los posibles riesgos a la infraestructura o a la información. La ciberseguridad comprende software (bases de datos, metadatos, archivos), hardware, redes de computadoras y todo lo que la organización valore y signifique un riesgo si esta información confidencial llega a manos de otras personas, convirtiéndose, por ejemplo, en información privilegiada.
Information security means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction.
The terms information security, computer security and information assurance are frequently incorrectly used interchangeably. These fields are interrelated often and share the common goals of protecting the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information; however, there are some subtle differences between them.
These differences lie primarily in the approach to the subject, the methodologies used, and the areas of concentration. Information security is concerned with the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data regardless of the form the data may take: electronic, print, or other forms.
Computer security can focus on ensuring the availability and correct operation of a computer system without concern for the information stored or processed by the computer.
Governments, military, corporations, financial institutions, hospitals, and private businesses amass a great deal of confidential information about their employees, customers, products, research, and financial status. Most of this information is now collected, processed and stored on electronic computers and transmitted across networks to other computers.
Should confidential information about a business' customers or finances or new product line fall into the hands of a competitor, such a breach of security could lead to lost business, law suits or even bankruptcy of the business. Protecting confidential information is a business requirement, and in many cases also an ethical and legal requirement.
For the individual, information security has a significant effect on privacy, which is viewed very differently in different cultures.
The field of information security has grown and evolved significantly in recent years. There are many ways of gaining entry into the field as a career. It offers many areas for specialization including: securing network(s) and allied infrastructure, securing applications and databases, security testing, information systems auditing, business continuity planning and digital forensics science, etc.
